Short answer: Veterinary guidelines from AAHA and the AAFP treat cats as seniors from about 10 years old. Aging is gradual, so watch for changes in thirst, appetite, weight, sleep, grooming and litter habits, and plan vet checkups every 6 months from age 10 (every 4 months after 15).
There’s no single birthday when a cat suddenly becomes “old.” But knowing roughly when the senior years begin helps you spot changes early and adjust your cat’s care. Our own cat, Lokee, is 17, so this stage can last a long time.
At what age is a cat considered a senior?
The 2021 AAHA/AAFP Feline Life Stage Guidelines, written for veterinarians, group cats into these life stages:
- Kitten: birth up to 1 year
- Young adult: 1 to 6 years
- Mature adult: 7 to 10 years
- Senior: 10 years and older
- End of life: can happen at any age
So a cat is generally considered a senior from about age 10. That doesn’t mean a 10-year-old cat is frail. It means it’s time to watch more closely and see the vet more often.
What changes as cats get older?
The AAFP lists these as signs worth noticing in an older cat:
- Drinking more or less, or producing larger amounts of urine
- Eating less, or losing weight or muscle
- Changes in behavior or sleeping patterns
- Difficulty breathing, urinating or passing stool
The Cornell Feline Health Center adds that older cats are more prone to arthritis, may have trouble reaching favorite spots, and may groom themselves less. Health problems also become more common with age: Cornell estimates that chronic kidney disease affects up to 40% of cats over 10 and 80% over 15.
One important point from the AAFP: any change in your cat’s normal behavior or routine can be a sign of pain. Cats are good at hiding discomfort, so small changes matter.
How often should a senior cat see the vet?
The AAFP recommends checkups every 6 months for cats aged 10 to 15, and every 4 months for cats over 15. Cats with ongoing health problems may need to go more often. Cornell also recommends monitoring bloodwork in senior and geriatric cats, because tests can pick up problems like kidney disease before you see any signs.
How can I make life easier for my older cat?
Small changes at home help a cat who finds jumping and climbing harder. The AAFP and Cornell suggest:
- A litter box with a low entry, and a litter box on every floor of your home
- Steps or ramps up to favorite spots
- Night lights so your cat can see in the dark
- Wide, low-sided food and water bowls, and more than one water station
- A favorite bed out of drafts, without heat sources that get too hot
- Help with brushing if self-grooming slows down
You’ll find more practical ideas in our Senior Cats section.
When should I call the vet?
Cornell’s advice is simple: any change in behavior or health, sudden or gradual, is a reason to see your veterinarian without delay. Don’t wait for your cat’s next scheduled checkup if you notice changes in thirst, appetite, weight, litter habits or behavior.
We’re not vets. This article is general information. Your veterinarian knows your cat and is the right person to advise on their care.
Frequently asked questions
Is a 7-year-old cat a senior?
Not yet. Under the AAHA/AAFP guidelines, cats aged 7 to 10 are mature adults, and the senior stage starts at about 10. It’s still worth keeping up with yearly checkups and watching for changes.
Do senior cats need a special diet?
Not automatically. Older cats’ needs vary, and some health conditions call for a specific diet. Ask your vet to help you choose food that gives your cat appropriate nutrition, and never change a prescribed diet without talking to them first.
Why is my older cat grooming less?
Cornell notes that self-grooming can wane in older cats, and arthritis becomes more common with age, which can make grooming harder. Gentle brushing helps, but mention the change to your vet, since it can also be a sign of pain or illness.
